Table 2. List of currently developed space debris evolutionary and engineering models

Space debris evolutionary model Space debris engineering model
MOCAT SOLEM NEODEEM DAMAGE DELTA LEGEND MASTER ORDEM
Debris modeling method 1D 1D 3D 3D 3D 3D 3D 3D
Country USA (MIT) China Japan (JAXA, Kyushu University) USA (University of Southampton) ESA NASA ESA NASA
Debris coverage LEO LEO LEO-GEO GEO LEO-super-GEO LEO-super-GEO LEO-super-GEO LEO-super-GEO
MOCAT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) orbital capacity assessment tool; SOLEM, space object long-term evolution model; NEODEEM, near-earth orbital debris environment evolutionary model; DELTA, debris environment long-term analysis; LEGEND, NASA LEO-to-GEO environment debris 240; MASTER, meteoroid and space debris terrestrial environment reference; ORDEM, orbital debris engineering model; LEO, low Earth orbit; GEO, geostationary Earth orbit.